Terracotta pots are ideal for plants. The pots drain well but still keep moisture from evaporating too quickly. Unfortunately these pots do get dirty and salt encrusted.
Remove the dirt from inside the pot. Give the pot a good spray with the garden hose. If the salts have built up on the outside of the pot you'll notice a white substance on the outside of the pot. Dilute white vinegar with twice as much water. Sponge on the solution. Cover with paper towels that have been soaked in the vinegar solution. Let soak for 15 minutes then scrub off residue with a stiff brush. Rinse thoroughly to remove any remaining salt or vinegar solution.